Ce rapport présente une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) appliquée aux données d’électrification des pays d’Afrique centrale. Il explore les disparités d’accès à l’électricité en lien avec des facteurs socio-économiques et démographiques. Les résultats mettent en évidence les dimensions principales qui expliquent la variance entre les pays et identifient des profils nationaux distincts. Des visualisations et tableaux interactifs illustrent la position des pays et les contributions des variables. Le rapport fournit ainsi des informations clés pour orienter les politiques d’électrification et le développement énergétique durable dans la région.

This study examines the link between the energy transition and sustainable development in West Africa from 2010 to 2023. Drawing on secondary data and empirical studies[6], this article explores how the deployment of renewable energy affects economic growth, human development, and environmental sustainability in the ECOWAS region. The data show that countries with a higher share of renewable energy, such as Cape Verde and Ghana, achieve better socio-economic outcomes and emit less CO₂[19]. However, progress remains uneven due to financial constraints, weak institutional frameworks, and persistent dependence on fossil fuels [24]. Regional disparities are particularly pronounced, with Eastern and Southern Africa outperforming West and Central Africa in renewable energy adoption [18]. The study concludes with policy recommendations to accelerate the regional energy transition towards inclusive and resilient growth, highlighting the essential role of governance quality, institutional capacity building, and regional cooperation (Tamasiga & Vea, 2024; Carnegie Endowment, 2025; PwC, 2024). Keywords: Energy Transition, West Africa, Sustainable Development, Renewable Energy, Socio-economic Growth, Governance, Regional Disparities.

This study examines the link between the energy transition and sustainable development in West Africa from 2010 to 2023. Drawing on secondary data and empirical studies[6], this article explores how the deployment of renewable energy affects economic growth, human development, and environmental sustainability in the ECOWAS region. The data show that countries with a higher share of renewable energy, such as Cape Verde and Ghana, achieve better socio-economic outcomes and emit less CO₂[19]. However, progress remains uneven due to financial constraints, weak institutional frameworks, and persistent dependence on fossil fuels [24]. Regional disparities are particularly pronounced, with Eastern and Southern Africa outperforming West and Central Africa in renewable energy adoption [18]. The study concludes with policy recommendations to accelerate the regional energy transition towards inclusive and resilient growth, highlighting the essential role of governance quality, institutional capacity building, and regional cooperation (Tamasiga & Vea, 2024; Carnegie Endowment, 2025; PwC, 2024). Keywords: Energy Transition, West Africa, Sustainable Development, Renewable Energy, Socio-economic Growth, Governance, Regional Disparities.