Overview This project is an exploratory data analysis of county-level demographic change across the United States between 2019 and 2024. Using the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 1-Year Demographic Profile table DP05, we examine how American counties are shifting in population shize, age structure, racial composition, sex ratio, and housing availability over a five-year window that spans the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. The analysis was originally developed as a capstone project for INSS615: Data Wrangling for Visualization at Morgan State University and has since been refactored into a portfolio-quality exploratory analysis with a clear pipeline, expanded EDA, and ning ggplot2 visualizations.