This analysis examines whether employees’ communication skills significantly improved after attending a professional communication training program. Using a paired design, we compared pre-training and post-training scores for 150 employees. Normality was assessed through visual checks and the Shapiro–Wilk test, and a dependent t-test was conducted to determine statistical significance and effect size. ________________________________________

Does an increase in rushing volume (attempts) among the NFL's leading rushers lead to a decline in per-carry efficiency (Yards Per Attempt), and how do factors like player availability, single-play outliers, and goal-line usage influence this apparent relationship?

Two sample t-test with pooled variance